Heat waves are rising: This is how cities protect themselves from the summer sun!

Heat waves are rising: This is how cities protect themselves from the summer sun!

The threatening effects of heat waves on urban areas are becoming increasingly noticeable. Heat waves are increasing and cities are increasingly becoming Urban Heat Islands (UHI), where temperatures are significantly higher than in rural areas. Global temperatures are forecast to rise by an average of three degrees by 2100. In urban areas, this increase could be as high as six degrees. Georg Grassl, Associate Partner at Drees & Sommer, emphasizes the urgency of promoting climate-adapted construction and renovation in order to meet the challenges of the climate crisis. Haufe.de reports that energy saving measures, such as improved insulation, can also provide protection from heat.

A significant problem in the Urban Heat Island development is the "dense infrastructure" that is responsible for the higher temperatures in inner city areas. Concrete and asphalt surfaces trap heat, and high building density reduces air flow. At the same time, a lack of green space reduces natural cooling. These climatic changes have serious consequences, including health risks caused by heatstroke, dehydration and respiratory problems, especially in vulnerable groups. In addition, increased energy consumption, particularly through the operation of air conditioning, already accounts for 10% of the world's Electricity consumption represents a further burden on the environment. Sigmaearth.com shows that this situation can also have economic consequences, as energy costs increase and productivity decreases.

Strategies for cooling cities

Against the background of these developments, Grassl calls for targeted measures to reduce the aspects of urban heat island formation. Examples include the analysis of hotspots in cities and the targeted support of heat-vulnerable population groups, such as retirement homes and schools. In this context, an impressive project was initiated in Rastatt in which 1,000 new trees were planted for cooling purposes. Also Sigmaearth.com highlights the importance of greenery: trees not only provide shade, but also contribute greatly to cooling and improving air quality.

There are also alternative strategies for tree planting, especially in densely built-up inner cities. Measures such as facade and roof greening, shading pergolas and mutual shading of buildings are essential to reducing surface temperatures. The use of cool roofs and sidewalks that reflect sunlight, as well as promoting energy-efficient buildings and expanding public transportation are also promising approaches.

A look ahead

The example of New York City's “Million Trees NYC” initiative, in which one million trees were planted, illustrates how targeted measures can positively influence the climate in cities. Such strategic initiatives are crucial to reducing the negative impacts of the UHI effect and making urban spaces more livable. Integrating green spaces, climate-friendly construction and energy-efficient solutions could be the key to providing future generations with a healthy living environment.