Everything you need to know about autism: definition, causes and symptoms

Everything you need to know about autism: definition, causes and symptoms

Everything you need to know about autism: definition, causes and symptoms

introduction

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that usually manifests itself before the age of three. It affects a person's communication skills, social interactions and behavioral patterns. Autism is often referred to as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) because the spectrum of symptoms and manifestations is very broad. In this article we will take a closer look at the definition of autism, its causes and symptoms.

definition

Autism is a complex developmental disorder that can manifest itself in many different ways. A person affected by autism may have difficulty understanding social interactions, impaired verbal expression and nonverbal communication, and exhibit repetitive behaviors. Some people with autism also have sensory sensitivities and difficulty coping with changes in daily life.

Causes

The exact causes of autism are not yet fully understood. However, there are a number of factors that have been linked to an increased risk of autism. Here are some of them:

genetics

Studies have shown that autism has a strong genetic component. There are certain gene variants that can increase the risk of autism. When parents have a child with autism, they have a higher chance of having another affected child.

Environmental factors

It is thought that certain environmental factors, such as certain chemicals or certain medications, may increase the risk of autism. However, research in this area is still limited and remains the subject of intensive study.

Early childhood brain damage

Some studies suggest that certain early childhood brain damage can cause autism. This brain damage can occur during pregnancy or early childhood and interfere with normal brain development.

Symptoms

The symptoms of autism can vary greatly from person to person. Here are some of the most common signs of autism:

Difficulty with social interaction

A hallmark of autism is difficulty understanding and participating in social interactions. People with autism may have difficulty interpreting other people's facial expressions, gestures and body language. They may also have difficulty making friends and understanding social norms.

Communication problems

Communication is often a challenge for people with autism. Some may have difficulty expressing their thoughts and feelings verbally. Others may have difficulty understanding nonverbal signals such as eye contact or body language. Some people with autism may talk excessively about certain topics that pique their interest while neglecting other aspects of the conversation.

Repetitive behavior

Another common symptom of autism is repetitive behavior. For example, those affected may repeatedly flutter their hands or repeat certain actions. They can also be very rigid in their daily routines and reluctant to accept change.

Sensitivity to sensory stimuli

People with autism can often be overly sensitive or hyposensitive to sensory stimuli. For example, they may find sounds, smells, or touch unpleasant or overwhelming.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between autism and Asperger syndrome?

Asperger's syndrome is a form of autism that is usually characterized by less pronounced deficits in language development and intelligence. People with Asperger syndrome may have above-average intellectual abilities but still demonstrate difficulties with social interaction and communication.

Can autism be cured?

There is no known cure for autism. However, therapies and interventions can help improve the quality of life of people with autism and help them develop and use their abilities.

How is autism diagnosed?

Diagnosis of autism is usually based on a combination of observations and tests performed by professionals, such as psychologists, doctors, or developmental disability specialists. Diagnostic criteria take into account behavioral patterns, communication skills and developmental milestones typical of autism.

Are there treatments for autism?

Yes, there are different treatment options for autism, which can vary depending on a person's individual needs. Early intervention, behavioral therapy, speech and occupational therapy, and medications can help improve communication skills, social interactions, and behavioral patterns.

Conclusion

Autism is a complex developmental disorder that can have a variety of symptoms and manifestations. Although the exact causes are not yet fully understood, there are known risk factors such as genetics and certain environmental factors. Diagnosis of autism is based on observation and testing, and treatment options are available to improve the quality of life of people with autism. It is important to promote understanding and support for people with autism in society to fully realize their abilities and potential.