Sudden hearing loss: causes, symptoms and treatment - a comprehensive overview

Sudden hearing loss: causes, symptoms and treatment - a comprehensive overview

Sudden hearing loss: causes, symptoms and treatment – ​​a comprehensive overview

A sudden hearing loss occurs suddenly and can be very frightening for those affected. In this article we will discuss the causes, symptoms and treatment options for sudden hearing loss in detail. It is important to note that this article does not constitute medical advice and cannot replace a visit to your doctor. If you suspect sudden hearing loss, you should always consult a specialist.

What is sudden hearing loss?

Sudden hearing loss, also known as idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss, occurs suddenly and without any apparent external cause. Those affected notice partial or complete loss of hearing in one or both ears.

Causes of sudden hearing loss

The exact causes of sudden hearing loss are still not fully understood. However, there are various factors that can increase the risk of sudden hearing loss. Possible causes include, but are not limited to:

– Circulatory problems in the inner ear: A disturbed blood supply to the inner ear can lead to sudden hearing loss. This results in reduced blood flow to the sensitive hearing sensory cells.

– Viral infections: Some viral infections, such as a cold or flu, can cause sudden hearing loss. However, the exact connection between viral infections and sudden hearing loss has not yet been fully researched.

– Stress and psychological strain: Stressful life situations can increase the risk of sudden hearing loss. It is believed that the body reacts to stress with an excessive release of stress hormones, which can lead to circulatory problems.

– Noise exposure: Long-term exposure to noise can damage hearing. People who are exposed to noise at work have a higher risk of hearing loss.

– Autoimmune diseases: In rare cases, sudden hearing loss can be associated with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. In these diseases, the immune system is directed against the body's own structures, in this case the inner ear.

It is important to note that sudden hearing loss can occur without an apparent cause. In such cases one speaks of idiopathic sudden hearing loss.

Symptoms of sudden hearing loss

A sudden hearing loss often occurs suddenly and without warning. Symptoms can vary from person to person, but typical signs of sudden hearing loss can include:

– Sudden hearing loss in one or both ears
– Distorted hearing or a feeling of muffled hearing
– ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
– Feeling dizzy or having problems with balance

Symptoms usually develop within a few minutes or hours and may last for a few days. It is possible that hearing may spontaneously improve after sudden hearing loss, but treatment is still important.

Diagnosis of sudden hearing loss

If sudden hearing loss is suspected, an ear, nose and throat doctor (ENT doctor) should be consulted immediately. The doctor will take a thorough medical history and perform an ear examination. Various tests, such as tone audiometry, can be used to determine the extent of hearing loss.

It is important to rule out other possible causes of hearing loss, such as an ear infection or a foreign body in the ear. In some cases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head may be performed to rule out structural abnormalities in the inner ear.

Treatment of sudden hearing loss

Treatment for sudden hearing loss depends on various factors, such as the extent of the hearing loss, the duration of symptoms and the individual needs of the patient. There are different approaches to treating sudden hearing loss, including:

– Cortisone therapy: Treatment with cortisone is often used as an initial measure in the event of sudden hearing loss. Cortisone can reduce inflammation and improve blood flow in the inner ear.

– Infusion therapy: In some cases, infusion therapy with medications that promote blood circulation may be recommended. This treatment can help improve blood flow to the inner ear and support the healing process.

– Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be used for severe hearing loss. The patient breathes in pure oxygen in a pressure chamber to improve blood circulation.

– Rehabilitation: After a sudden hearing loss, rehabilitation of the hearing system may be necessary. This may include hearing training programs, the use of hearing aids or other technical aids.

Prevention of sudden hearing loss

There are no specific measures to prevent sudden hearing loss as the exact causes are often unknown. However, some precautionary measures can help reduce the risk of sudden hearing loss:

– Noise protection: Always wear hearing protection in loud environments, such as concerts or in industry.

– Stress management: Stress can increase the risk of sudden hearing loss. It is important to reduce stress and integrate relaxation techniques into everyday life.

– Healthy lifestyle: A healthy diet and regular exercise can help promote general well-being and reduce the risk of circulatory problems.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Is sudden hearing loss curable?

In many cases, sudden hearing loss can be treated and hearing can improve spontaneously or with therapeutic measures such as cortisone therapy. It is important to see a doctor to receive the best possible treatment.

2. Can sudden hearing loss recur?

Yes, in some cases sudden hearing loss can occur repeatedly. However, there is no guarantee that hearing loss can be prevented again.

3. What should I do if I suspect sudden hearing loss?

If you suspect sudden hearing loss, you should consult an ear, nose and throat doctor immediately. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the healing process.

4. Does treatment with alternative medicine help with sudden hearing loss?

The effectiveness of alternative treatment approaches for sudden hearing loss is controversial. There is no scientific evidence that these approaches can affect the natural healing process. However, for some sufferers it may subjectively feel better to try alternative measures such as acupuncture or homeopathy.

Conclusion

Sudden hearing loss is a sudden hearing impairment that can have various causes. It is important to see a doctor if symptoms of sudden hearing loss occur to receive the best possible treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment can support the healing process and restore hearing. Although there are no specific preventive measures, healthy lifestyle habits and noise protection can help reduce the risk of sudden hearing loss.