Influenza: causes, symptoms and treatments at a glance

Influenza: causes, symptoms and treatments at a glance

Influenza: causes, symptoms and treatments at a glance

Influenza, also popularly known as the flu, is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus. Every year influenza is rampant during the cold season and affects people of all ages. This article explains the causes, symptoms, and treatment options of influenza in detail.

Causes of influenza

Influenza is caused by the influenza virus, which is divided into different strains: influenza A, B and C. These viruses are known to spread quickly because they are easily transmitted from person to person. The flu viruses are mainly spread via droplet infection. This means that when an infected person coughs, sneezes or talks, tiny droplets are released into the air that can be inhaled by other people.

Symptoms of influenza

The symptoms of influenza are often similar to those of a cold, but are usually much more severe. The most common symptoms include:

– Fever (often over 38 degrees Celsius)
– Chills
– Muscle and joint pain
- Cough
– Sore throat
- Headache
– Tiredness and exhaustion
- Sniffles

In some cases, gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea may also occur. It is important to note that symptoms can vary from person to person and not everyone experiences all symptoms.

Treatment options

Treatment for influenza usually involves a combination of medication, rest, and symptom relief. Here are some possible treatment options:

Medication

Antiviral medications may be prescribed to treat influenza. They work by inhibiting the virus from reproducing in the body and can thus shorten the duration of the illness. It is important to take antiviral medications as soon as possible after symptoms appear for the best results.

Rest and hydration

It is important to get enough rest during influenza to give the body a chance to recover. Additionally, you should drink plenty of fluids to keep your body hydrated and prevent dehydration.

Symptom relief

There are several ways to relieve the symptoms of influenza. Painkillers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help reduce fever and relieve pain. Cough medicines can help with cough irritation. Gargling with salt water can relieve a sore throat. Nasal sprays and drops can help with nasal congestion. It is important to follow your doctor's or pharmacist's instructions and pay attention to possible side effects.

Frequently asked questions

How long does influenza last?

Influenza usually lasts about 7-10 days, but can last longer, especially if complications arise.

How can I protect myself from influenza?

The best way to protect yourself from influenza is to get vaccinated. Additionally, washing your hands frequently, avoiding close contact with infected people, and covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing can help reduce the spread of the viruses.

Who is at risk of becoming seriously ill with influenza?

Certain groups are at higher risk of developing serious complications from influenza. This includes older people, pregnant women, people with chronic illnesses and people with weakened immune systems.

When should I see a doctor?

It is recommended to see a doctor if symptoms are severe, last longer than usual, or if signs of complications occur, such as shortness of breath, chest pain, or frequent vomiting.

Is there a cure for influenza?

There is currently no cure for influenza. Treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms and preventing complications.

Conclusion

Influenza is a common respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus. It can cause significant discomfort and, in some cases, even cause serious complications. The best way to protect yourself from influenza is vaccination, followed by hygiene measures such as hand washing and correct coughing and sneezing behavior. If symptoms occur, it is important to rest and relieve symptoms. If severe symptoms or signs of complications occur, a doctor should be consulted.