Shellac: A detailed explanation of what it is and what it is used for

Shellac: A detailed explanation of what it is and what it is used for

Shellac: A detailed explanation of what it is and what it is used for

When it comes to traditional surface treatments, the term shellac is often mentioned. But what exactly is shellac and what is it used for? In this article we explain in detail what shellac is, how it is made and its uses.

What is Shellac?

Shellac is a natural resin layer produced by the lac insect (Tachardia lacca). These lactic scale insects live on tree bark in India and some other Asian countries. The female lice secrete a sticky substance that is spread over their bodies and acts as a protective layer. This substance is called shellac and is collected by the lice.

Production of shellac

The production of shellac is a complex process. First, the scale insects are harvested from the trees by knocking or cutting off the branches. The lice are then separated from the collected material by sieving it. The lice are then heated to kill them and extract the shellac.

To obtain shellac in its raw form, the collected material is crushed and cleaned. Impurities such as plant residues are removed. Finally, the material is heated to melt it and then cast in thin layers. Once the shellac has cooled and solidified, it is crushed into cakes or flakes, which are available in the market.

Composition of shellac

Shellac consists mainly of resin acids, resins and other organic compounds. The exact composition can vary depending on the environmental conditions in which the scale insects live. Overall, however, shellac consists of around 90% resin acids, which are responsible for its waterproof properties.

Use of shellac

Shellac has a long history of use in various areas. Here are some of the most common uses of shellac:

1. Wood veneers and furniture

Shellac is often used to treat wooden furniture and veneers. It creates a shiny and protective coating that protects the wood from moisture, dirt and scratches. Shellac also gives the wood a warm and silky shine that highlights its natural beauty. It can be applied to various types of wood including mahogany, oak and pine.

2. Musical instruments

Shellac is often used in the manufacture of musical instruments, particularly stringed instruments such as violins and guitars. It is used as a protective coating on the wood and helps improve the sound of the instruments. Shellac allows the wood fibers to vibrate, making the sound fuller and more resonant.

3. Food coatings

Shellac is also used in foods as a coating agent. It is often applied to candies, nuts, and fresh fruits to protect them from moisture loss and oxidation. Shellac is a safe and non-toxic material used by the food industry. It is known for its high durability and resistance to acids and alcohol.

4. pharmaceutical capsules

Shellac is used in the pharmaceutical industry to make capsules. It is used as a coating material for the capsule shell to protect the active ingredient inside. Shellac provides a heat-resistant and glossy surface that protects the capsule from moisture while allowing for easier ingestion.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between shellac and lacquer?

Shellac is a specific resin produced by the lac insect, while lacquer is a general term for various surface coatings. Varnishes can be based on shellac, but also based on other resins or synthetically produced. Shellac has certain properties that distinguish it from other varnishes, such as its resistance to acids and alcohol.

Is shellac environmentally friendly?

Shellac is a natural and sustainable raw material that is environmentally friendly. Since shellac is produced by lac scale insects, no tree is cut down to extract it. Shellac is biodegradable and leaves no harmful residues in the environment. It is important to note that in some cases shellac may be mixed with other substances to enhance certain properties.

Conclusion

Shellac is a versatile and traditional surface material used in various industries. It is obtained from the natural resin layer produced by lac insects. Shellac is used for surface treatment of wood, musical instruments, food and pharmaceutical capsules. It offers protection, shine and resistance to moisture and other external influences. Shellac is environmentally friendly and biodegradable.